CHEMSEX ENTRE HSH
REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35919/rbsh.v34.1136Palavras-chave:
Homens que fazem sexo com homens, Drogas, Substâncias psicoativas, Sexualidade masculina, Reducão de danosResumo
Background: O chemsex consiste no uso de substâncias durante o ato sexual. Objetivo: Analisar a literatura sobre os aspectos do chemsex entre homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH). Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura com um universo de 102 artigos colhidos no Portal Periódicos CAPES e analisados via análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Como resultados, construímos sete categorias: 1) Características do chemsex; 2) Motivações para o chemsex; 3) Chemsex e IST’s; 4) Riscos do chemsex; 5) Chemsex, violência sexual e masculinidades; 6) Redução de danos e chemsex; 7) Políticas públicas de saúde e o chemsex. A prática foi relatada como forma de lidar com ansiedades sexuais, intensificando e prolongando o prazer, principalmente em sessões grupais de sexo. HSH que vivem com HIV foram relatados como os maiores praticantes de chemsex, e todos os estudos analisados relacionaram a prática a transmissão de IST’s. Conclusão: As políticas públicas de saúde sexual para HSH parecem não estar preparadas para lidar com tal demanda, pois resumem sua atuação no tratamento do HIV e a Rede de Atenção Psicossocial opera como um sistema distinto, distante da realidade do consumo de drogas por HSH no sexo. Ao final do estudo, deixamos algumas recomendações para atuação em políticas públicas envolvidas no tema.
Downloads
Referências
ACHTERBERGH, R. et al. Sex, drugs, and sexually transmitted infections: a latent class analysis among men who have sex with men in Amsterdam and surrounding urban regions, the Netherlands. Drug Alcohol Depend. Bethesda, v. 206, p. e107526, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.06.028
ADLER, Z. et al. Chemsex and antiretroviral prescribing in an HIV cohort in Brighton, UK. HIV Medicine, Londres, v. 23, n. 7, p. 797-800, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv. 13239
AHMED, Alysha-Karima et al. Social norms related to combining drugs and sex (“chemsex”) among gay men in South London. Int Journal of Drug Policy, Bethesda, v. 38, p. 29-35, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.10.007
ALDRIDGE, A. Intoxicating the ‘charmed circle’: Constructions of deviance and normativity by people who combine drugs and sex. Criminology & Criminal Justice, Nova York, v. 20, n. 5, p.1-13, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895820937332
AMUNDSEN, E. et al. Health characteristics associated with chemsex among men who have sex with men: Results from a cross-sectional clinic survey in Norway. PLoS ONE, Londres, v. 17, n. 10, p. e0275618, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275618
ANATO, J. L. F. et al. Chemsex and incidence of sexually transmitted infections among Canadian pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users in the I’Actuel PrEP Cohort (2013-2020). Sex Transm Infect. Londres, v. 98, n. 8, p. 549-556, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2021-055215
ANATO, J. L. F. et al. Chemsex practices and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) trajectories among individuals consulting for PrEP at a large sexual health clinic in Montreal, Canada (2013-2020). Drug Alcohol Depend, Bethesda, v. 226, p. e108875, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108875
ANZILLOTTI, L. et al. Mephedrone and chemsex: a case report. Legal Medicine, Bethesda, v. 42, p. 101640, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.legalmed.2019.101640
BARDIN, L. Análise de conteúdo. São Paulo: Edições 70, 2011.
BARRETT, P. et al. Drug use among men who have sex with men in Ireland: Prevalence and associated factors from a national online survey. Internacional Journal Drug Policy, Betthesda, v. 64, p. 5-12, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.11.011
BARTNIK, A. et al. Chemsex among HIV-infected patients–experience from a tertiary care hospital in Poland. Preliminary data. HIV & AIDS Review. Poznan, v. 18, n. 2, p. 137-141, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2019.86378
BATISSE, A. et al. Chemsex practice in France: An update in Addictovigilance data. Fundam Clin Pharmacol, Bethesda, v. 36, n. 2, p. 397-404, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/fcp.12725
BAUMAN, Z. Mal-estar da pós-modernidade. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 1998.
BERG, R.; AMUNDSEN, E.; HAUGSTVEDT, Å. Links between chemsex and reduced mental health among Norwegian MSM and other men: results from a cross-sectional clinic survey. BMC Public Health, Londres, v. 20, p. 1-10, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09916-7
BHAMBHANI, Y. et al. Alcohol and Drug Use Surrounding Sex Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in India. Sexuality & Culture, Londres, v. 25, p. 1383–1396, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-021-09814-z
BLOMQUIST, P. B. et al. Characteristics and sexual health service use of MSM engaging in chemsex: results from a large online survey in England. Sexually transmitted infections, Londres, v. 96, n. 8, p. 590-595, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2019-054345
BOHN, A. et al. Chemsex and Mental Health of Men Who Have Sex With Men in German. Frontiers Psychiatry, Londres, 11, p. e-542301, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyt.2020.542301
BOURNE, A. et al. Illicit drug use in sexual settings ('chemsex') and HIV/STI transmission risk behaviour among gay men in South London: findings from a qualitative study. Sexually transmitted infections, Londres, v. 91, n. 8, p. 564-568, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2015-052052
BRASIL. Política Nacional de Saúde Integral de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde, 2013.
BROOKS-GORDON, B.; EBBITT, E. The Chemsex ‘Consent Ladder’ in Male Sex Work: Perspectives of Health Providers on Derailment and Empowerment. Social Sciences, v. 10, n. 2, p. e69, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10020069
BUTLER, J. Problemas de gênero: feminismo e a subversão da identidade. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 2003.
CARTISER, N. et al. Fatal intoxication involving 4-methylpentedrone (4-MPD) in a context of chemsex. Forensic Science International, Bethesda, n. 319, p. 110659, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110659
CARVALHO, R. A.; SOUZA, D. C. A autoestima da pessoa que vive com HIV: uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Cadernos de Gênero e Tecnologia, Curitiba, v. 14, n. 43, p.278-299, 2021. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3895/cgt.v14n43.12078
CHOI, E. et al. Developing and testing of an interactive internet-based intervention to reduce sexual harm of sexualised drug use (‘chemsex’) among men who have sex with men in Hong Kong: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health, Londres, v. 13, n. 21, n. 1, p.e-713, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10742-8
CHONE, J. S. et al. Fatores associados à prática de chemsex em Portugal durante apandemia da COVID-19. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem, São Paulo, v. 29, p. e3474, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.4975.3474
COURT, F. l. et al. Eligibility criteria vs. need for pre-exposure prophylaxis: a reappraisal among men whohave sex with men in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Epidemiol Infect, Bethesda, v. 8, n. 150, p. e190, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268822001741
COYER, L. et al. Increase in recreational drug use between 2008 and 2018: results from a prospective cohort study among HIV-negative men who have sex with men. Addiction, Bethesda, v. 117, n. 3, p. 656-665, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/add.15666
CURTIS, T. et al. Patterns of sexualised recreational drug use and its association with risk behaviours and sexual health outcomes in men who have sex with men in London, UK: a comparison of cross-sectional studies conducted in 2013 and 2016. Sexually Transmitted Infection, Londres, v. 96, n. 3, p. 197-203, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2019-054139
DE LA MORA, L. et al. Chemsex Practices in PrEP: Beyond Addiction and Risk Toward a Healthy Sex Life—Baseline Experiences from a Hospital-Based PrEP Program in Barcelona, Spain. AIDS Behavior, Bethesda, v. 26, n. 12, p. 4055-4062, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-022-03730-5
DEMANT, D. et al. Information-seeking behaviours in Australian sexual minority men engaged in chemsex. Addictive Behaviors Reports, Bethesda, v. 16, p. e100399, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100399
DENNERMALM, N. et al. Sex, drugs and techno – a qualitative studyon finding the balance between risk, safety and pleasure among men who have sexwith men engaging in recreational and sexualised drug use. BMC Public Health, Londres, v. 21, n. 1, p. e863, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10906-6
DOLENGEVICH-SEGAL, H. et al. Drug-related and psychopathological symptoms in HIV-positive men who have sex with men who inject drugs during sex (slamsex): Data from the U-SEX GESIDA 9416 Study. PLoS One, Londres, v. 14, n. 12, p. e0220272, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220272
DOLENGEVICH-SEGAL, H.; RODRÍGUEZ-SALGADO, B.; BELLESTEROS-LÓPEZ, J.; MOLINA-PRADO, R. Chemsex. Un fenómeno emergente. Vícios, Barcelona, v. 29, n. 3, p. 207-209, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.894
DRÜCKLER, S. et al. Sexual consent and chemsex: a quantitative study on sexualised drug use and non- consensual sex among men who have sex with men in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Sexually Transmitted Infection. Londres, v. 97, n. 4, p. 268-275, 2021.
DRÜCKLER, S.; ROOIJEN, M. V. ; VRIES, H. Chemsex Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: a Sexualized Drug Use Survey Among Clients of the Sexually Transmitted Infection Outpatient Clinic and Users of a Gay Dating App in Amsterdam,the Netherlands. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bethesda, v. 45, n. 5, p. 325–331, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097%2FOLQ.0000000000000753
DRYSDALE, K. et al. Destabilising the ‘problem’of chemsex: Diversity in settings, relations and practices revealed in Australian gay and bisexual men's crystal methamphetamine use. International Journal of Drug Policy, Londres, n. 78, p.102697, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102697
EDMUNDSON, C. et al. Sexualised drug use in the United Kingdom (UK): A review of the literature. Int J Drug Policy, Bethesda, v. 55, p. 131-148, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.02.002
EVANS, D.; PEARSON, A. Systematic reviews: gatekeepers of nursing knowledge. Journal of Clinical Nursing, Bethesda, v. 10, n. 5, p. 593-599, 2001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2702.2001.00517.x
EVERS, Y. et al. Sexual, addiction and mental health care needs among men who have sex with men practicing chemsex – a cross-sectional study in the Netherlands. Preventive Medicine Reports, Londres, v. 18, p. e101074, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101074
EVERS, Y. et al. Attitude and beliefs about the social environment associated with chemsex among MSM visiting STI clinics in the Netherlands: An observational study. PLoS One, Londres, v. 15, n. 7, p. 0235467, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235467
EVERS, Y. et al. Chemsex among men who have sex with men iving outside major cities and associations with sexually transmitted infections: A cross-sectional study in the Netherlands. PLoS One, Londres, v. 14, n. 5, p. e0216732, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216732
EVERS, Y. et al. Sex Abroad Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Its Association With Chemsex, Sexual Risk Behavior, and Sexually Transmitted Diseases: A Cross-SectionalStudy in the Netherlands. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bethesda, v. 47, n. 9, p. e29-e32, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/olq.0000000000001207
EVERS, Y. et al. The Availability and Feasibility of Chemsex Services Within Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics in the Netherlands: A Cross-Sectional Survey Among Sexually Transmitted Disease Nurses. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, v. 47, n. 9, p. 639-644, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/olq.0000000000001209
GLYNN, R. et al. Chemsex, risk behaviours and sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men in Dublin, Ireland. International Journal of Drug Policy, Londres, v. 52, p. 9-15, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.10.008
GUERRA, F. et al. Review of sexualized drug use associated with sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections in gay, bisexual and other men who have sexwith men. Drug Alcohol Depend, Bethesda, v. 216, p. e108237, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108237
GUERRAS, J. M. et al. Association of Sexualized Drug Use Patterns with HIV/STI Transmission Risk in an Internet Sample of Men Who Have Sex with Men from Seven European Countries. Archives of Sexual Behavior, Bethesda, v. 50, n. 2, p. 461-477, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01801-z
GUERRAS, J. M. et al. Sexualized drug injection among men who have sex with men in Madrid and Barcelona as the first episode of drug injecting. Harm reduction jornal, Bethesda, v. 18, n. 1, p. 86, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-021-00531-2
GUERRAS, J-M et al. Sexualized drug use among men who have sex with men in Madrid and Barcelona: The gateway to new drug use? Front Public Health, Londres, n. 10, p. 997730, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.997730
GUERRAS, J. M. et al. Substance use in sexual context among Spanish resident men who have sex with men. Adicciones, Bethesda, v. 34, n. 1, p.37-50, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1371
HAMPEL, B. et al. Chemsex drugs on the rise: a longitudinal analysis of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study from 2007 to 2017. HIV Medicine, Londres, v. 21, n. 4, p. 228-239, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv. 12821
HERITAGE, F.; BAKER, P. Crime or culture? Representations of chemsex in the British press and magazines aimed at GBTQ+ men. Critical Discourse Studies, Londres, v. 19, n. 4, p. 435-453, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17405904.2021.1910052
HERRIJGERS, C. et al. Harm reduction practices and needs in a Belgian chemsex context: findings from a qualitative study. International Journal Environmental Research and Public Health, Besthesda, v. 17, n. 23, p. e9081, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph17239081
HIBBERT, M. P. et al. Psychosocial and sexual characteristics associated with sexualised drug use and chemsex among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the UK. BMJ Journals, Londres, v. 95, n. 5, p. 342-350, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2018-053933
HIBBERT, M. P. et al. Service provision and barriers to care for men who have sex with menengaging in chemsex and sexualised drug use in England. International Journal of Drug Policy, v. 92, p. e103090, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.103090
HOCKENHULL, J.; MURPHY, K.; PATERSON, S. An observed rise in γ-hydroxybutyrate-associated deaths in London: evidence to suggest a possible link with concomitant rise in chemsex. Forensic Science International, Bethesda, v. 270, p. 93-97, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.11.039
ÍNCERA-FERNÁNDEZ, D.; GÁMEZ-GUADIX, M.; MORENO-GUILLÉN, S. Mental Health Symptoms Associated with Sexualized DrugUse (Chemsex) among Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health, Londres, v. 18, n. 24, p. e13299, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph182413299
JALIL, E. et al. High Rates of Sexualized Drug Use or Chemsex among Brazilian Transgender Women and Young Sexual and Gender Minorities. Int J Environ Res Public Health, Bethesda, v. 19, n. 3, p. e1704, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031704
JARY, A. et al. Poppers, by Inducing HHV-8 Virion Production, Can Act as a Promoter for HHV-8 Transmission in Men Who Have Sex With Men. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Oxford, v. 8, n. 7, p. 1-5. 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab166
JASPAL, R. Chemsex, Identity and Sexual Health among Gay and Bisexual Men. International journal of environmental research and public health, Londres, v. 19, n. 19, p. 12124, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph191912124
JAVAID, A. The interconnectedness of chemsex, drugs, sexual promiscuity and sexual violence. Irish Journal of Sociology, Londres, v. 26, n. 2, p. 1-25, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0791603518773703
JOHN, S. et al. Club drug users had higher odds of reporting a bacterial STI compared with non-club drug users: results from a cross-sectional analysis of gay and bisexual men on HIV pre- exposure prophylaxis. Sex Transm Infect, Londres, v. 95, n. 8, p. 626-628, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2018-053591
KENYON, C. et al. Increases in condomless chemsex associated with HIV acquisition in MSM but not heterosexuals attending a HIV testin center in Antwerp, Belgium. AIDS Res Ther, Bethesda, v. 15, n. 1, p. e14, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-018-0201-3
KHAW, C.; ZABLOTSKA-MANOS, I.; BOYD, M. Men who have Sex with Men and Chemsex: A Clinic‐Based Cross‐sectional Study in South Australia. Sex Res Soc Policy, Nova York, v. 18, p. 1014–1022, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-020-00505-2
KIMMEL, M. A produção simultânea de masculinidades hegemônicas e subalternas. Horizontes Antropológicos, Campinas, v. 4, n. 9, p. 103-117, 1998. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-71831998000200007
LAFORTUNE, D. et al. Psychological and Interpersonal Factors Associated with Sexualized Drug Use Among Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Mixed‐Methods Systematic Review. Archives of Sexual Behavior, Bethesda, v. 50, n. 2, p. 427-460, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01741-8
LAWN, W. et al. Substance-linked sex in heterosexual, homosexual, and bisexual men and women: An online, cross-sectional “Global Drug Survey” report. The journal of sexual medicine, Londres, v. 16, n. 5, p. 721-732, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.02.018
LI, C. W. et al. Factors associated with methamphetamine dependency among men who have sex with men engaging in chemsex: Findings from the COMeT study in Taiwan. Int J Drug Policy, Betesda, v. 93, p. e103119, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103119
LIM, S. H. et al. The management of methamphetamine use in sexual settings among men who have sex with men in Malaysia. Int J Drug Policy, Bethesda, v. 55, p. 256-262, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.02.019
LÓPEZ, P. G. et al. Uso de metanfetamina en el contexto chemsex y sus consecuencias en la salud mental Un estudio descriptivo. Rev Esp Salud Pública, Madri, v. 95, p. 1-10, 2021. Disponícel em: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=8063217. Acesso em: 24 out. 2023.
MACGREGOR, L. et al. Chemsex and diagnoses of syphilis, gonorrhoea and chlamydia among men who have sex with men in the UK: a multivariable prediction model using causal inference methodology. Sex Transm Infect, Bethesda, v. 97, n. 4, p. 282-289, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2020-054629
MAVIGLIA, F. et al. Engagement in Chemsex among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Malaysia: Prevalence and Associated Factors from an Online National Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health, Bethesda, v. 20, n. 1, p. e294, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010294
MAXWELL, S.; SHAHMANESH, M.; GAFOS, M. Chemsex behaviours among men who have sex with men: A systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Drug Policy, Londres, v. 63, p. 74-89, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.11.014
MAXWELL, S.; SHAHMANESH, M.; GAFOS, M. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake and adherence experiences of gay and bisexual men who engage in chemsex: a qualitative study. International Journal of Drug Policy, Londres, v. 103, p.e103630, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103630
MCCALL, H.; ADAMS, n. ; WILLIS, J. What is chemsex and why does it matter? BMJ, London, n. 351, p.h5790, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h5790
MEYER, I. Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychol Bull, Bethesda, v. 129, n. 5, p. 674-697, 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037%2F0033-2909.129.5.674
MORA, L. D. L. et al. Vulnerability Conditions in a Cohort of Men Who Have Sex with Men Who Engage in Chemsex in Barcelona City: a Cross‐Sectional Study. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, Nova York, v. 20, p. 614–625, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-022-00702-1
MORENO-GÁMEZ, L.; HERNÁNDEZ-HUERTA, D.; LAHERA, G. Chemsex and Psychosis: A Systematic Review. Behavioral Sciences, Bethesda, v. 12, n. 12, p. e516, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/bs12120516
NAGINGTON, M.; KING, S. Support, care and peer support for gay and bi men engaging in chemsex. Health & Social Care in the Community, Londres, v. 30, n. 6, p. e6396-e6403, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.14081
NIMBI, F. M. et al. Chemsex in Italy: Experiences of Men Who Have Sex with Men Consuming Illicit Drugs to Enhance and Prolong Their Sexual Activity. J Sex Med, Bethesda, v. 17, n. 10, p.1875-1884, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.07.001
NIMBI, F. M. et al. Sex in chemsex: Sexual response, motivations, and sober sex in a group of Italian men who have sex with men with sexualized drug use. J Sex Med, Londres, v. 18, n. 12, n. 1955-1969, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.09.013
PAKIANATHAN, M. et al. Chemsex and new HIV diagnosis in gay, bisexual and Other men who have sex with men attending sexual health clinics. HIV Medicine, Londres, v. 19, p. 485-490, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv. 12629
PAKIANATHAN, M. et al. How to assess gay, bisexual and other men whohave sex with men for chemsex. Sex Transm Infect, Londres, v. 92, n. 8, p. 568-570, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2015-052405
PASSOS, E. H.; SOUZA, T. P. Redução de danos e saúde pública: construções alternativas à política global de "guerra às drogas", Psicologia e Sociedade, Belo Horizonte, v. 23, n. 1, p.155-12, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-71822011000100017
PLATTEAU, T.; HERRIJGERS, C.; WIT, J. Digital chemsex support and care: The potential of just-in-time adaptive interventions. Int J Drug Policy. Bethesda, v. 85, p. e102927, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102927
PRESTAGE, G. et al. Changes in Behavior After PrEP Initiation Among Australian Gay and Bisexual Men. AIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Nova York, v. 81, n. 1, p. 52-56, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000001976
PUFALL, E. et al. Sexualized drug use (‘chemsex’) and high-risk sexual behaviours in HIV-positive men who have sex with men. HIV medicine, Londres, n. 19, n. 4, p. 261–270, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fhiv. 12574
ROSENBERGER, C. et al. We have a lot to do: lack of sexual protection and information—results of the German- language online survey “let’s talk about chemsex”. Front Psychiatry, Londres, n. 12, 690242, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.690242
ROUX, P. et al. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Men Who Have Sex With Men That Practice Chemsex in France: Results From the National ERAS Web Survey. Am J Mens Health, Nova York, v. 16, n. 1, p. e15579883211073225, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/15579883211073225
ROUX, P. et al. Is on-Demand HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis a Suitable Tool for Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Practice Chemsex? Results From a Substudy of the ANRS-IPERGAY Trial. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, Londres, v. 79, n. 2, p. e69-e75, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000001781
RUIZ-ROBLEDILLO, N. et al. Chemsex Practices and Health-Related Quality of Life in Spanish Men with HIV Who Have Sex with Men. J Clin Med, Bethesda, v. 10, n. 8, p. e1662, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10081662
SANTORO, P. et al. One “chemsex” or many? Types of chemsex sessions among gay and other men who have sex with men in Madrid, Spain: findings from a qualitative study. International Journal of Drug Policy, Londres, v. 82, p. e102790, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102790
SCHECKE, H. et al. Crystal Methamphetamine Use in Sexual Settings Among German Men Who Have Sex With Men. Front Psychiatry, Bethesda, v. 10, p. e886, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00886
SCHOLZ-HEHN, A. D. et al. Substance Use and Chemsex in MSM - A Latent Class Analysis. Journal of Drug Issues, Londres, v. 52, n. 1, p. e1576, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00220426211040564
SEWELL, J. et al. Changes in chemsex and sexual behaviour over time, among a cohort of MSM in London and Brighton: Findings from the AURAH2 study. Int J Drug Policy, Bethesda, v. 68, p. 54-61, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.03.021
SEWELL, J. et al. Changes in recreational drug use, drug use associated with chemsex, and HIV-related behaviours, among HIV-negative men who have sex with men in London and Brighton, 2013–2016. Sex Transm Infect, Londres, v. 94, n. 7, p. 494-501, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053439
SEWELL, J. et al. Poly drug use, chemsex drug use, and associations with sexual risk behaviour in HIV-negative men who have sex with men attending sexual health clinics. International Journal of Drug Policy, Londres, v. 43, p. 33-43, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.01.001
SORIA, M. L. Toxicological aspects of chemsex. Spanish Journal of Legal Medicine, Madri, v. 47, n. 2, p. 74-80, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.remle.2020.05.013
SOUSA, A. F. L.; CAMARGO, E. L. S.; MENDES, I. A. C. Chemsex e suas repercussões na saúde de homens que fazem sexo com homens: uma perspectiva de saúde global. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, Brasília, v. 76, n. 3, p. 1-5, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0004pt
SOUSA, Á. F. L. et al. Prática de chemsex entre homens que fazem sexo com homens (HSH) durante período de isolamento social por COVID-19: pesquisa online multicêntrica. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, v. 36. n. 12, p. e00202420 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00202420
SOUZA, D. C. Violência nas relações homossexuais masculinas em Manaus. Manaus: Editora UEA, 2022.
SOUZA, D. C.; HONORATO, E. J. S. Práticas grupais na rede de atenção psicossocial – Revisão da literatura. Revista Interfaces: Saúde, Humanas e Tecnologia, Juazeiro do Norte, v. 10, n. 3, p. 1465–1474, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16891/2317-434X.v10.e3.a2022.pp1465-1474
SOUZA, I. C. et al. Consumo de drogas e suporte social percebido por minoria sexual. Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem, Porto Alegre, v. 43, p.1-10, 2022. Disponível em: https://seer.ufrgs.br/index.php/rgenf/article/view/125754. Acesso em: 27 set. 2023.
STEVENS, O.; MONCRIEFF, M.; GAFOS, M. Chemsex-related drug use and its association with health outcomes in men who have sex with men: across-sectional analysis of Antidote clinic service data. Sex Transm Infect, Bethesda, v. 96, n. 2, 124-130, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2019-054040
STILES-SHIELDS, C.; CARROLL, R. Same-Sex Domestic Violence: Prevalence, Unique Aspects, and Clinical Implications. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, Bethesda, v. 41, n. 6, p. 636–648, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623x.2014.958792
TAN, R. K. J. et al. Chemsex among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in Singapore and the challenges ahead: A qualitative study. Int J Drug Policy, Bethesda, v. 61, p. 31-37, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.10.002
TAN, R. K. J. et al. Delineating patterns of sexualized substance use and its association with sexual and mental health outcomes among young gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Singapore: a latent class analysis. BMC Public Health, Londres, v. 21, n. 1, p. e1026, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11056-5
TAN, R. K. J. et al. Exploring the role of trauma in underpinning sexualised drug use (‘chemsex’) among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Singapore. International Journal of Drug Policy, Londres, v. 97, p. e-103333, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103333
TAN, R. K. J. et al. Social capital and chemsex initiation inyoung gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men: the pink carpet Ycohort study. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy, v. 16, n. 1, p. e18, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-021-00353-2
TANGERLI, M. et al. Healthcare experiences and barriers for Men Who Have Sex with Men - MSM - who engage in chemsex. Emerging Trends in Drugs, Addictions, and Health, Bethesda, v. 2, p. e100043, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etdah.2022.100043
TOMKINS, A.; GEORGE, R.; KLINER, M. Sexualised drug taking among men who have sex with men: a systematic review. Perspectives In Public Health, Londres, v. 139, n. 1, p. 23-33, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913918778872
TORRES, T. et al. Do men who have sex with men who report alcohol and illicit drug use before/during sex (chemsex) present moderate/high risk for substance use disorders. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Londres, v. 209, p. e-107908, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107908
TROUILLER, P. et al. Injecting drug use during sex (known as “slamming”) among men who have sex with men: Results from a time-location sampling survey conducted in five cities, France. Int J Drug Policy, Bethesda, v. 4, n. 79, p. e102703, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102703
WANG, H.; JONAS, K; GUADAMUZ, T. Chemsex and chemsex associated substance use among men who have sex with men in Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Londres, v. 243, p. e109741, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109741
WANG, Z. et al. Influence of Social Media on Sexualized Drug Use and ChemsexAmong Chinese Men Who Have Sex With Men: Observational Prospective Cohort Study. J Med Internet Res, Bethesda, v. 22, n. 7, p. e17894, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/17894
WEATHERBURN, P. et al. Motivations and values associated with combining sex and illicit drugs (‘chemsex’) among gay men in South London: findings from a qualitative study. Sexually transmitted infections, Londres, v. 93, n. 3, p. 203-206, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2016-052695
WEATHERBURN, P. et al. Motivations and values associated with combining sex and illicit drugs (‘chemsex’) among gay men in South London: findings from a qualitative study. Sex Transm Infect, Bethesda, v. 93, n. 3, p. 203-206, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2016-052695
WHITLOCK, G. et al. Chems4EU: chemsex use and its impacts across four European countries in HIV-positive men who have sex with men attending HIV services. HIV Medicine, Londres, v. 22, n. m10, p. 944-957, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv. 13160
WHITTEMORE, R.; KNAFL, K. The integrative review: updated methodology. Journal of Advanced Nursing, Bethesda, v. 52, n. 5, p. 546-553, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03621.x
WONG, N. S. et al. Delineation of chemsex patterns of men who have sex with men in association with their sexual networks and linkage to HIV prevention. Int J Drug Policy, Bethesda, v. 75, p.e102591, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.10.015
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2023 Daniel Cerdeira de Souza, Ingrid Mesquita Rodrigues, Democrito Serrão de Araújo Neto

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.