TRANSGENDER’S PEOPLE’S EXPERIENCES IN MEDICAL CARE
A QUALITATIVE STUDY IN A GENDER CLINIC IN SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35919/rbsh.v37.1312Keywords:
Transgender people, Doctor-patient relationship, Physical examinationAbstract
The aim of this paper was to listen to trans people and understand medical care from their perspectives, highlighting both positive and negative aspects. It is a qualitative study based on participants’ testimonies regarding their medical care after beginning the gender transition process. The analysis was carried out using the clinical-qualitative research method. The negative aspects were related to the disrespect of their gender identity, lack of knowledge about trans issues, lack of empathy from professionals, discomfort in healthcare settings, and fear of exposure during physical examinations. Positive accounts included respect and empathy from the doctor and a perception of the environment as safe. Furthermore, these characteristics of the professional and the setting enabled individuals to experience the physical examination, despite being a vulnerable moment, as something positive that affirms their identities. We conclude that empathetic and competent care for trans people is a fundamental condition in the pursuit of equity in healthcare for this population.
Downloads
References
BAKER, K.; BEAGAN, B. Making Assumptions, Making Space: An Anthropological Critique of Cultural Compe-tency and Its Relevance to Queer Patients. Medical Anthropology Quarterly, v. 28, n. 4, p. 578-598, 2014. Dis-ponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25196115/. Acesso em: 05 fev. 2022.
BALDWIN, A. et al. Transgender and Genderqueer Individuals' Experiences with Health Care Providers: What's Working, What's Not, and Where Do We Go from Here? Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, v. 29, n. 4, p. 1300-1318, 2018. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30449748/. Acesso em: 09 fev. 2022.
BRANDELLI, A. C. et al. Healthcare Needs of and Access Barriers for Brazilian Transgender and Gender Diverse People. J Immigr Minor Health, v. 20, n. 1, p. 115-123, Feb. 2018. Disponível em:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27804013/. Acesso em: 03 fev. 2022.
CONSTANZO, C.; VERGHESE, A. The Physical Examination as Ritual. Med Clin N Am, v. 102, n. 3, p. 425-431, May 2018. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29650064/. Acesso em: 23 mar. 2022.
DENDRINOS, M. L.; BUDRY, N. M.; SANGHA, R. S. Addressing the Needs of Transgender Patients: How Gyne-cologists Can Partner in Their Care. Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey, v. 74, n. 1, p. 33-39, 2019 Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30648725/. Acesso em: 27 maio. 2022.
FARIA-SCHÜTZER, D. B. et al. Seven steps for qualitative treatment in health research: The Clinical-Qualitative Content Analysis. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, v. 26, n. 1, p. 265-274, 2021. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33533847/. Acesso em: 30 abr. 2023.
FONTANELLA, B. J. B. et al. Sampling in Qualitative Research: a Proposal for Procedures to Detect Theoretical Saturation. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, v. 27, n. 2, p. 389-394, Feb. 2011. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21359475/. Acesso em: 30 abr. 2023.
GOLDHAMMER, H.; MALINA, S.; KEUROGHLIAN, A. S. Communicating with Patients Who Have Nonbinary Gender Identities. Annals of Family Medicine, v. 16, n. 6, p. 559-562, 2018. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30420374/. Acesso em: 27 maio. 2022.
HINES, D. D.; LAURY, E. R.; HABERMANN, B. They Just Don’t Get Me: A Qualitative Analysis of Transgender Women’s Health Care Experiences and Clinician Interactions. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, v. 30, n. 5, p. e82-e95, Sep./Oct. 2019. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31461741/. Acesso em: 27 maio. 2022.
JAFEE, K. D.; SHIRES, D. A.; STROUMSA, D. Discrimination and Delayed Health Care Among Transgender Women and Men: Implications for Improving Medical Education and Health Care Delivery. Med Care, v. 54, n. 11, p. 1010-1016, 2016. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27314263/. Acesso em: 31 maio. 2022.
KLEIN, A.; GOLUB, S. A. Enhancing Gender-Affirming Provider Communication to Increase Health Care Access and Utilization Among Transgender Men and Trans-Masculine Non-Binary Individuals. LGBT Health, v. 7, n. 6, p. 1-13, 2020. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32493100/. Acesso em: 14 abr. 2023.
LE BRETON, D. A Sociologia do Corpo. 6. ed. São Paulo: Vozes, 2017. 72 p.
LIFSHITZ, D. et al. Transgender men’s preferences when choosing obstetricians and gynecologists. Israel Jour-nal of Health Policy Research, v. 11, n. 1, p. 1-13, 2022. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35148780/ .Acesso em: 31 mar. 2023.
LYKENS, J. E.; LE BLANC, A. J.; BOCKTING, W. O. Healthcare Experiences Among Young Adults Who Identify as Genderqueer or Nonbinary. LGBT Health, v. 5, n. 3, p. 191-196, 2018. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29641314/. Acesso em: 31 mar. 2023.
MURPHY, K. A. et al. The Clinical Examination and Socially At-Risk Populations: The Examination Matters for Health Disparities. Med Clin N Am, v. 102, n. 3, p. 521-532, 2018. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29650073/, Acesso em: 25 nov. 2022.
POTEAT, T.; GERMAN, D.; KERRIGAN, D. Managing Uncertainty: A Grounded Theory of Stigma in Transgender Health Care Encounters. Soc Sci Med, v. 84, p. 22-29, 2013. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23517700/. Acesso em: 27 maio. 2022.
ROCON, P. C. et al. Acesso à Saúde Pela População Trans no Brasil: nas Entrelinhas da Revisão Integrativa. Trab. Educ. Saúde, v. 18, n. 1, e0023469, 2020. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/j/tes/a/NGpjbDZLqR78J8Hw4SRsHwL/?lang=pt. Acesso em: 27 maio. 2022.
ROSS, K. A.; BELL, G. C. A Culture-Centered Approach to Improving Healthy Trans-Patient-Practitioner Com-munication: Recommendations for Practitioners Communicating with Trans Individuals. Health Commun, v. 32, n. 6, p. 730-740, Jun. 2017. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27399644/. Acesso em: 27 maio. 2022.
SALLANS, R. K. Lessons from a Transgender Patient for Health Care Professionals. AMA Journal of Ethics, v. 18, n. 11, p. 1139-1146, Nov. 2016. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27883306/. Acesso em: 05 fev. 2022.
SEVALHO, G. O conceito de vulnerabilidade e a educação em saúde fundamentada em Paulo Freire. Interface, v. 22, n. 64, p. 177-188, 2018. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/j/icse/a/CCnBTxySpYqFqS93W5RN3Sv/abstract/?lang=pt. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2023.
TABAAC, A. R. et al. The interaction of sexual and reproductive health in a sample of U.S. women of diverse sexual orientations. Patient Educ Couns, v. 105, n. 2, p. 466-473, 2022. Disponível em:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8594287/. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2023.
VERMEIR, E.; JACKSON, L. A.; MARSHALL, E. G. Improving Healthcare Providers’ Interactions with Trans Pa-tients: Recommendations to Promote Cultural Competence. Healthcare Policy, v. 14, n. 1, p. 11-18, 2018. Dis-ponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30129431/. Acesso em: 28 out. 2022.
ZHANG, C.; FISCELLA, K.; LIU, Y. Exploring the Role of Provider-Patient Communication in Women’s Sexual Health and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Care in the Primary Care Settings in New York State of Unites States. Int J Environ Res Public Health, v. 19, n. 13, 8084, p. 1-15, 2022. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35805743/. Acesso em: 31 mar. 2023.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Karine Schlüter, Amilton dos Santos Júnior, Paulo Dalgalarrondo

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
