RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EARLY MALADAPTIVE SCHEMAS, DYSFUNCTIONAL SEXUAL BELIEFS, AND SEXUAL SATISFACTION IN WOMEN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35919/rbsh.v37.1423Keywords:
Early maladaptive schemas, Sexual dysfunctional beliefs, Sexual satisfactionAbstract
Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are emotional and cognitive self-defeating patterns that influence several life áreas, including sexuality. Prior research has shown correlations between sexual satisfaction, sexual dysfunctional beliefs and EMSs. That said, this study aimed to contextualize and understand the relationships between EMSs, sexual satisfaction and dysfunctional sexual beliefs in women. The sample was composed of 108 sexually active and literate women. The instruments used online were: sociodemographic questionnaire, Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ – S3), the female version of Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire (SDBQ), and the Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women (SSS-W). Every participant signed a Free and Clarified Agreement Term (TCLE). Results showed negative and significant correlations between four schema domains and every domain of the Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women. Concerning sexual dysfunctional beliefs and EMSs, results showed some positive and significant correlations. Regarding Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs and Sexual Satisfaction, there was negative and significant correlations. These results are consistent to those found in similar studies and have relevant implications to clinical interventions in psychotherapy, providing support for future investigations on the subject in the national context.
Downloads
References
ABDOLMANAFI, A. et al. Determinants of Women’s Sexual Dissatisfaction: Assessing a Cognitive-Emotional Model. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, [s. l.], v. 13, n. 11, p. 1708-1717, nov. 2016. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27665196/. Acesso em: 10 jan. 2026.
ALIMORADI, Z. et al. The relationship between cognitive schemas activated in sexual context and early maladaptive schemas among married women of childbearing age. BMC Psychology, [s. l.], v. 10, n. 1, p. 131, 2022. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-022-00829-1. Acesso em: 18 fev. 2026.
ARORA, N.; BROTTO, L. A. How Does Paying Attention Improve Sexual Functioning in Women? A Review of Mechanisms. Sexual Medicine Reviews, [s. l.], v. 5, n. 3, p. 266–274, 2017. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.01.005. Acesso em: 15 fev. 2026.
BÄR, A. et al. Early Maladaptive Schemas and Schema Modes in clinical disorders: A systematic review. Psy-chology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, [s. l.], v. 96, n. 3, p. 716–747, 2023. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12465. Acesso em: 19 maio 2026.
BEDONE, R. M. V. Resposta sexual, disfunção sexual e qualidade de vida em mulheres obesas. 2013. 111 f. Dis-sertação (Mestrado em Fisiopatologia Experimental) – Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2013. Disponível em: https://teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-31032014-160420/pt-br.php. Acesso em: 10 jan. 2026.
BRANECKA-WOŹNIAK, D. et al. Sexual and Life Satisfaction of Pregnant Women. International Journal of En-vironmental Research and Public Health, [s. l.], v. 17, n. 16, 5894, 2020. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165894. Acesso em: 19 mar. 2026.
CATAO, Elaine et al. Escala de Satisfação Sexual para Mulheres: Tradução, adaptação em estudo preliminar com amostra clínica. Bol. psicol, São Paulo, v. 60, n. 133, p. 181-190, 2010. Disponível em http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-59432010000200005&lng=pt&nrm=iso. Acessos em: 19 fev. 2026.
DANCEY, C. P.; REIDY, J. Estatística sem matemática para psicologia: usando SPSS para Windows. Porto Ale-gre: Artmed, 2006.
EDWARDS, D. J. A. Using schema modes for case conceptualization in schema therapy: An applied clinical approach. Frontiers in Psychology, [s. l.], v. 12, art. 763670, 2022. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.763670. Acesso em: 19 mar. 2026.
FARRELL, J. M.; REISS, N.; SHAW, I. A. Terapia do esquema: guia para tratamento individual, em grupo e in-tegrado. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2024.
FORD, J. V. et al. The World Association for Sexual Health’s Declaration on Sexual Pleasure: A Technical Guide. International Journal of Sexual Health, [s. l.], v. 33, n. 4, p. 612-642, 2022. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1080/19317611.2021.2023718. Acesso em: 18 abr. 2026.
HASHEMIAN, S. S. et al. Relationship between early maladaptive schemas and sexual satisfaction in working women in Mashhad Ferdowsi University and Shiraz University, Iran. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health, v. 17, n. 4,1p. 92-196, 2015. Disponível em: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353669950_Relationship_between_early_maladaptive_schemas_and_sexual_satisfaction_in_working_women_in_Mashhad_Ferdowsi_University_and_Shiraz_University_Iran. Acesso em: 18 mar. 2026.
IBM CORP. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. Version 24.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp., 2016.
LÖFGREN, C. et al. Changes in Intimacy and Sexuality During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Analy-sis of Survey Data from People in Committed Relationships in Eight European Countries. Sexuality & Culture, [s. l.], v. 27, n. 3, p. 693–714, 2023. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-022-10035-1. Acesso em: 19 mar. 2026.
LOPES, J. M. C. S. Qualidade de vida, crenças sexuais e satisfação sexual em mulheres portuguesas. 2020. 88 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica) – Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Univer-sidade Lusíada, Lisboa, 2020.
LUCENA, B. B. de. Fatores cognitivos na função sexual: adaptação transcultural e estudo psicométrico de ins-trumentos de medida em sexualidade. 2018. 159 f. Tese (Doutorado em Psiquiatria) – Faculdade de Medici-na, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2018. Disponível em: https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-04062019-154046/publico/BarbaraBragadeLucena.pdf. Acesso em: 3 fev. 2026.
MCCABE, M. P. et al. Risk Factors for Sexual Dysfunction Among Women and Men: A Consensus Statement from the Fourth International Consultation on Sexual Medicine 2015. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, [s. l.], v. 13, n. 2, p. 153–167, 2016. Disponível em: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26953830/. Acesso em: 4 fev. 2026.
MESTON, C; TRAPNELL, P. Development and validation of a five-factor sexual satisfaction and distress scale for women: the sexual satisfaction scale for women (SSS-W). Journal of Sexual Medicine, v. 2, n. 1, p. 66-81, 2005. Disponível em: https://labs.la.utexas.edu/mestonlab/files/2016/05/sss-w.pdf. Acesso em: 4 fev. 2026.
NOBRE, P. J.; PINTO-GOUVEIA, J.; GOMES, F. A. Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire: An instru-ment to assess sexual dysfunctional beliefs as vulnerability factors to sexual problems. Sexual and Relations-hip Therapy, [s. l.], v. 18, n. 2, p. 171-204, 2003. Disponível em: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1468199031000061281. Acesso em: 2 mar. 2026.
PANZERI, M. et al. Changes in Sexuality and Quality of Couple Relationship During the COVID-19 Lock-down. Frontiers in Psychology, [s. l.], v. 11, 565823, 2020. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.565823. Acesso em: 19 mar. 2026.
PASCOAL, P. M. et al. Predictors of sexual satisfaction in men and women: The role of psychological and relationship factors. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, [s. l.], v. 18, n. 1, p. 115-125, 2021. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.10.013. Acesso em: 19 mar. 2026.
PEIXOTO, M. M.; NOBRE, P. J. Cognitive-emotional predictors of sexual functioning in lesbians, gays, and heterosexuals. Archives of Sexual Behavior, [s. l.], v. 49, p. 1823-1838, 2020. Disponível em: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10508-020-01732-9. Acesso em: 4 mar. 2026.
RAPOSO, C. F. et al. Difficulties in emotion regulation, repetitive negative thinking, and sexual and psycho-logical distress: a two-wave longitudinal mediation study using a transdiagnostic approach. Sexual Medicine, [s. l.], v. 13, n. 4, qfaf052, 2025. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1093/sexmed/qfaf052. Acesso em: 18 abril 2026.
SEIXAS, C. E. Associação de esquemas iniciais desadaptativos em transtornos do eixo I. 2014. 88 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) – Centro de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2014. Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10336. Acesso em: 12 fev. 2026.
SOUZA, L. H. de et al. Adaptação brasileira do Questionário de Esquemas de Young – versão breve (YSQ-S3). Avaliação Psicológica, Campinas, v. 19, n. 4, p. 451-460, 2020. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.15689/ap.2020.1904.17377.11. Acesso em: 10 de fev. 2026.
TAVARES, I. M.; MOURA, C. V.; NOBRE, P. J. The Role of Cognitive Processing Factors in Sexual Function and Dysfunction in Women and Men: A Systematic Review. Sexual Medicine Reviews, [s. l.], v. 8, n. 3, p. 403–430, 2020. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.03.002. Acesso em: 17 abr. 2026.
WAINER, R.; RIJO, D. O modelo teórico: esquemas iniciais desadaptativos, estilos de enfrentamento e mo-dos esquemáticos. In: WAINER, R. et al. (Org). Terapia Cognitiva Focada em Esquemas: Integração em Psico-terapia. Porto Alegre, Artmed, 2016.
YOUNG, J. E. Young Schema Questionnaire – Long Form, Third Edition (YSQ-L3). New York: Cognitive The-rapy Center, 2005.
YOUNG, J. E.; KLOSKO, J. S.; WEISHAAR, M. E. Terapia do esquema: guia de técnicas cognitivo-comportamentais inovadoras. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2008.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Bruna Viegas Martins, Caroline de Oliveira Cardoso

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
