DISCREPANCIA ENTRE CONOCIMIENTO Y PRÁCTICA
UN ANÁLISIS TRANSVERSAL DEL USO INCONSISTENTE DE PRESERVATIVOS Y LOS COMPORTAMIENTOS SEXUALES DE RIESGO ENTRE ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS DEL INTERIOR DE MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35919/rbsh.v37.1363Palabras clave:
Comportamiento sexual, Infecciones de transmisión sexual, Preservativo, Anticoncepción, Estudiantes UniversitariosResumen
El objetivo de este estudio transversal fue evaluar los antecedentes de infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS), el conocimiento sobre métodos anticonceptivos y la adherencia al uso de preservativos entre estudiantes de una Universidad Federal ubicada en el interior de Minas Gerais. Se analizaron datos de 298 estudiantes de pregrado (edad ≥18 años), recolectados en línea entre julio y diciembre de 2023. La prevalencia de antecedentes de ITS fue del 8%. Aunque el preservativo masculino fue el método más mencionado (92%), su uso resultó inconsistente: solo el 50% de los participantes lo utilizaba en todas las relaciones sexuales, y apenas el 9% en el sexo oral. Los comportamientos de riesgo fueron frecuentes, como el coito interrumpido (60%) y el uso de la píldora del día siguiente (30%). Los medios de comunicación/internet (90%) fueron la principal fuente de información. Los estudiantes del área de la salud presentaron menor prevalencia de ITS (4,5% frente a 11,8%; p=0,023). La iniciación sexual antes de los 18 años se asoció con mayor cantidad de comportamientos de riesgo. Se concluye que existe una brecha crítica entre el conocimiento anticonceptivo declarado y la práctica preventiva, lo que indica la urgencia de estrategias educativas institucionales que promuevan la alfabetización en salud y el compromiso con el sexo seguro en esta población.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Natália Generoso Figueiredo, Vitória Teixeira Melillo, Victória Mirella Neves Rodrigues, Juliana Augusta Dias, Kinulpe Honorato Sampaio
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
